Civil servant during the Second Polish Republic, right-wing thinker and publicist, and monarchist.

Conservative politician and publicist, author of famous works on, among others, international politics.

Preacher, publicist, and one of the leading Polish ultramontanists.

Publicist and social activist of the Conservative movement, and agronomist.

Literary critic and political publicist, he was born in Borucin, in Cuyavia (in the district of Nieszawa), in 1854.

Novelist, publicist, and literary critic, regarded – next to Maurycy Mochnacki - as one of the most eminent and influential authors writing in the spirit of Romanticism. 

Economist, publicist, and politician, one of the leading figures of the National Democratic movement.

Publicist and political activist associated with the National Democracy